Caruncula, the Egg Tooth in Chameleons

Hatchling of Chamaeleo arabicus

The egg tooth in reptiles, called Caruncula,  is a specialized, temporary structure that assists in the hatching process. It is typically a small, hard, pointed projection found on the snout of many reptiles, including turtles, snakes, and some lizards including chameleons.

Key Features:

• Function:

  The primary purpose of the egg tooth is to help the hatchling break through the eggshell during the hatching process. By using this tooth to apply pressure, the young reptile can facilitate the cutting / cracking / opening  of the egg shell.

• Location:

  The egg tooth is usually located at the tip of the snout and may vary in shape and size depending on the species.

• Temporary Structure:

  The egg tooth is not a permanent feature; it generally falls off or is absorbed shortly after hatching, as it is not needed once the reptile has emerged from the egg.

• Development:

  It develops during the embryonic stage, forming as the embryo prepares for the hatching process.